同义词辨析专题

159 组同义词辨析

打印栏数:
look()see(看见)watch(观看 手表)

辨析:都与'看'有关,但侧重点不同

look强调看的动作,不一定看到结果Look at the blackboard.
see强调看的结果,看到I can see a bird.
watch强调专注地看,常指看运动中的事物watch TV / watch a game
listen()hear(听见)

辨析:都与'听'有关,listen强调动作,hear强调结果

listen强调听的主动动作Listen to me carefully.
hear强调听到的结果I can hear someone singing.
speak()say()tell(告诉)talk(/谈话)

辨析:都与'说'有关,用法各不相同

speak强调说话的能力或动作,后接语言speak English / speak to sb.
say强调说的内容He said he was tired.
tell告诉,强调传递信息tell sb. sth. / tell a story / tell a lie
talk强调交谈、对话talk with/to sb. about sth.
big(大的)large(大的)great(伟大的)

辨析:都表示'大',但用法和感情色彩不同

big常指体积、面积、重量等大,口语化a big house / a big apple
large较正式,常指面积、数量、容量大a large population / a large amount
great常指伟大、重大,带感情色彩a great man / a great idea
small(小的)little(小的)

辨析:都表示'小',small偏客观,little偏主观感情

small客观描述大小,不带感情a small village / a small dog
little带有感情色彩,常含可爱、怜悯之意a poor little girl / little time
tall(高的)high(高的)

辨析:都表示'高',tall指细长的高,high指从底到顶的距离大

tall指人、树、建筑等细长物的高a tall man / a tall tree
high指位置高、价格高、温度高等a high mountain / high price
beautiful(美丽的)handsome(英俊的)pretty(漂亮的)

辨析:都表示'好看',但适用对象和程度不同

beautiful最常用,形容女性、风景、事物,程度最强a beautiful woman / beautiful scenery
handsome常形容男性英俊,也可形容女性端庄a handsome man / a handsome car
pretty形容小巧精致的美,程度较轻a pretty girl / a pretty dress
good(好的)well(好(重复))

辨析:good是形容词,well是副词(作健康讲时是形容词)

good形容词,修饰名词a good student / good news
well副词修饰动词;作形容词表示身体健康He plays well. / I'm not well.
also()too()either(两者之一(重复))

辨析:都表示'也',also和too用于肯定句,either用于否定句

also较正式,放在句中She also likes music.
too较口语,放在句末I like it too.
either用于否定句句末I don't like it either.
already(已经)yet(还(重复))still(仍然)

辨析:already和yet常与完成时连用,still表示仍然

already已经,用于肯定句I have already finished it.
yet还,用于否定句和疑问句Have you finished yet? / Not yet.
still仍然,表示动作继续He is still sleeping.
affect(影响)effect(效果)

辨析:affect是动词,effect是名词,都表示'影响'

affect动词,影响The weather affects my mood.
effect名词,效果/影响The effect of the medicine is obvious.
accept(接受)receive(收到,接待)

辨析:receive强调收到,accept强调接受(主观意愿)

accept接受,表示主观同意I accepted his invitation.
receive收到,表示客观事实I received a letter yesterday.
borrow(借用)lend(借出)

辨析:borrow是借入,lend是借出,方向相反

borrow借入,从别人那里借borrow money from the bank
lend借出,借给别人lend me your pen
bring(带来)take()fetch(取来)carry(携带)

辨析:都表示'带/拿',方向和方式不同

bring带来,朝说话人方向Bring your homework here.
take带走,远离说话人方向Take this letter to the post office.
fetch去取来,往返动作Fetch me a glass of water.
carry搬运、携带,不强调方向carry a heavy box / carry an umbrella
win()beat(打败)

辨析:win后接比赛/奖项,beat后接对手

win赢得,后接比赛、奖项、战争win the game / win a prize
beat打败,后接对手beat the other team / beat him
wear(穿)put on(穿上)dress(连衣裙 穿衣)

辨析:wear强调穿着状态,put on强调穿的动作,dress可指穿衣动作或状态

wear穿着,表示状态She is wearing a red dress.
put on穿上,表示动作Put on your coat. It's cold.
dress给…穿衣(动作);穿着(状态)dress the baby / dress well
rise(上升)raise(举起)arise(出现)

辨析:rise不及物(自己升起),raise及物(使…升起),arise表示出现/发生

rise不及物,自己上升The sun rises. / Prices are rising.
raise及物,使…上升/提高raise your hand / raise prices
arise出现、发生(问题、情况)A problem arose. / arise from
lay(放置)lie()

辨析:lay是及物(放置),lie是不及物(躺)。过去式易混淆:lay-laid-laid vs lie-lay-lain

lay及物,放置、下蛋lay the book on the desk / lay eggs
lie不及物,躺、位于lie on the bed / The city lies on the river.
sit()seat(座位)

辨析:sit是不及物动词(坐),seat是及物动词(使…就座)

sit不及物,坐Sit down, please.
seat及物,使就座;名词座位Seat yourself. / take a seat
hire(/雇佣)rent(租金 租)employ(雇佣)

辨析:hire租用(短租/物/人),rent租用(长租/房屋),employ雇佣(人)

hire短期租用或雇佣hire a car / hire a worker
rent长期租用房屋等rent an apartment / rent out
employ正式雇佣The company employs 500 workers.
rob(抢劫)steal()

辨析:rob抢劫(人/地点),steal偷窃(物)

rob抢劫,宾语是人或地点rob a bank / rob a man
steal偷窃,宾语是物steal a car / steal money
worth(值得的)worthy(值得的)worthwhile(值得的)

辨析:都表示'值得',但搭配不同

worth后接动名词或金额worth reading / worth 100 dollars
worthy后接of+名词/被动不定式worthy of attention / worthy to be considered
worthwhile作表语或定语,值得做的a worthwhile effort / It's worthwhile.
real(真实的)true(真的)

辨析:real强调真实存在,true强调符合事实

real真实的,确实存在的real life / real gold
true正确的,符合事实的a true story / come true
sick(生病的)ill(生病的)

辨析:都表示'生病的',用法略有差异

sick美式英语常用,可作定语和表语;还有恶心之意a sick child / feel sick
ill英式英语常用,只作表语He is ill. (不说 an ill man)
sure(确定的)certain(确定的)

辨析:都表示'确定的',certain比sure更正式

sure口语化,主观确信I'm sure he will come.
certain更正式,客观确定It is certain that he will come.
house(房子)home()family(家庭)

辨析:house指建筑,home指家(感情),family指家庭/家人

house指建筑物,住宅a big house / sell the house
home指家,有感情色彩go home / my home town
family指家庭成员或家族My family are all tall. / a big family
street(街道)road(道路)way(方式)path(小路)

辨析:都表示'路',但含义不同

street城市中的街道,两侧有建筑walk along the street
road公路、道路,连接城市之间a country road / road to success
way方式、方向、路途on the way / this way please
path小径、小路a garden path / a path through the forest
job(工作)work(/工作)career(职业)profession(职业)

辨析:都和工作有关,但侧重点不同

job可数名词,指具体的一份工作find a job / a part-time job
work不可数名词,泛指工作、劳动hard work / go to work
career职业生涯,长期事业a career in medicine
profession专业职业,需专业训练the teaching profession
travel(/旅行)trip(旅行)journey(旅程)voyage(航行)tour(旅行)

辨析:都表示'旅行',但方式和范围不同

travel泛指旅行,不可数air travel / travel abroad
trip短途旅行,可数a business trip / a day trip
journey长途旅行,可数a long journey by train
voyage航海旅行a voyage across the Atlantic
tour观光旅游,有行程a guided tour / tour the city
have()there be()

辨析:have表示拥有,there be表示存在

have拥有、持有I have a car. / She has two brothers.
there be表示某处存在某物There is a book on the desk.
happy(快乐的)glad(高兴的)cheerful(高兴的)delighted(高兴的,愉快的)

辨析:都与快乐有关,但程度和侧重点不同

happy最常用,一般性的快乐I'm happy to see you.
glad因某事而高兴,常用于客套I'm glad you could come.
cheerful性格开朗,积极乐观She has a cheerful personality.
delighted非常高兴,令人愉悦I'm delighted to meet you.
sad(悲伤的)sorrowful()gloomy(阴暗的)depressed(抑郁的)

辨析:都与悲伤有关,但程度不同

sad最常用,一般性的悲伤I feel sad about the news.
sorrowful深沉的悲伤,悲痛a sorrowful expression
gloomy阴郁、暗淡、沮丧a gloomy day / gloomy mood
depressed抑郁的,长期低落She's been depressed for months.
angry(生气的,愤怒的)furious(狂怒的)mad(疯的)annoyed()

辨析:都与生气有关,程度递增

annoyed有点烦,轻微不满I'm annoyed by the noise.
angry生气的,较常用He was angry at the delay.
mad口语中指生气,也可指疯狂Are you mad at me?
furious暴怒的,极度愤怒She was furious about the decision.
afraid(害怕的)frightened(受惊的,害怕的)scared(害怕的,恐惧的)terrified()

辨析:都与害怕有关,程度递增

afraid最常用,一般性的害怕I'm afraid of spiders.
scared口语化,受惊吓Don't be scared.
frightened正式些,受惊的The frightened child cried.
terrified极度恐惧She was terrified of the dark.
think()consider(考虑)ponder(沉思)reflect(反映)

辨析:都与思考有关,深度和方式不同

think最常用,一般的思考I think it's a good idea.
consider仔细考虑,权衡Please consider my proposal.
ponder深思,反复琢磨He pondered the question for hours.
reflect反思,回顾She reflected on her past mistakes.
know(知道)understand(理解)comprehend(理解)grasp(抓住)

辨析:都与理解有关,深度不同

know知道,了解事实I know the answer.
understand理解,明白含义I understand what you mean.
comprehend全面理解,领悟I can't comprehend this theory.
grasp抓住要点,领会She quickly grasped the concept.
remember(记得)recall(回忆)remind(提醒)memorize(记忆)

辨析:都与记忆有关,但方向和方式不同

remember记得,回忆起I remember her name.
recall主动回想,追忆I can't recall where I put it.
remind提醒某人Remind me to call him.
memorize背诵,刻意记住Memorize these vocabulary words.
ask()request(/请求)demand(/要求)beg(乞求)

辨析:都与请求有关,语气和态度不同

ask最常用,一般的问/请求Can I ask you a question?
request正式请求We request your cooperation.
demand强烈要求,不容拒绝I demand an explanation.
beg恳求,乞求She begged him to stay.
explain(解释)illustrate(说明)demonstrate(证明)clarify(澄清)

辨析:都与解释说明有关,方式不同

explain解释,说明原因Please explain this rule.
illustrate举例说明,图示Let me illustrate with an example.
demonstrate示范,演示She demonstrated how to use it.
clarify澄清,使之清楚Can you clarify your point?
walk(/走)stroll(散步,漫步)stride(大步走)march(行军 三月)wander(漫步)

辨析:都与走路有关,方式和态度不同

walk最常用,一般的走I walk to school every day.
stroll悠闲散步We strolled along the beach.
stride大步走,自信地走He strode into the room.
march齐步走,行军The soldiers marched forward.
wander漫无目的地走She wandered through the market.
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共159组同义词 · A4竖排 · 2栏

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look()see(看见)watch(观看 手表)
辨析:都与'看'有关,但侧重点不同
look强调看的动作,不一定看到结果 Look at the blackboard.see强调看的结果,看到 I can see a bird.watch强调专注地看,常指看运动中的事物 watch TV / watch a game
listen()hear(听见)
辨析:都与'听'有关,listen强调动作,hear强调结果
listen强调听的主动动作 Listen to me carefully.hear强调听到的结果 I can hear someone singing.
speak()say()tell(告诉)talk(/谈话)
辨析:都与'说'有关,用法各不相同
speak强调说话的能力或动作,后接语言 speak English / speak to sb.say强调说的内容 He said he was tired.tell告诉,强调传递信息 tell sb. sth. / tell a story / tell a lietalk强调交谈、对话 talk with/to sb. about sth.
big(大的)large(大的)great(伟大的)
辨析:都表示'大',但用法和感情色彩不同
big常指体积、面积、重量等大,口语化 a big house / a big applelarge较正式,常指面积、数量、容量大 a large population / a large amountgreat常指伟大、重大,带感情色彩 a great man / a great idea
small(小的)little(小的)
辨析:都表示'小',small偏客观,little偏主观感情
small客观描述大小,不带感情 a small village / a small doglittle带有感情色彩,常含可爱、怜悯之意 a poor little girl / little time
tall(高的)high(高的)
辨析:都表示'高',tall指细长的高,high指从底到顶的距离大
tall指人、树、建筑等细长物的高 a tall man / a tall treehigh指位置高、价格高、温度高等 a high mountain / high price
beautiful(美丽的)handsome(英俊的)pretty(漂亮的)
辨析:都表示'好看',但适用对象和程度不同
beautiful最常用,形容女性、风景、事物,程度最强 a beautiful woman / beautiful sceneryhandsome常形容男性英俊,也可形容女性端庄 a handsome man / a handsome carpretty形容小巧精致的美,程度较轻 a pretty girl / a pretty dress
good(好的)well(好(重复))
辨析:good是形容词,well是副词(作健康讲时是形容词)
good形容词,修饰名词 a good student / good newswell副词修饰动词;作形容词表示身体健康 He plays well. / I'm not well.
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also()too()either(两者之一(重复))
辨析:都表示'也',also和too用于肯定句,either用于否定句
also较正式,放在句中 She also likes music.too较口语,放在句末 I like it too.either用于否定句句末 I don't like it either.
already(已经)yet(还(重复))still(仍然)
辨析:already和yet常与完成时连用,still表示仍然
already已经,用于肯定句 I have already finished it.yet还,用于否定句和疑问句 Have you finished yet? / Not yet.still仍然,表示动作继续 He is still sleeping.
affect(影响)effect(效果)
辨析:affect是动词,effect是名词,都表示'影响'
affect动词,影响 The weather affects my mood.effect名词,效果/影响 The effect of the medicine is obvious.
accept(接受)receive(收到,接待)
辨析:receive强调收到,accept强调接受(主观意愿)
accept接受,表示主观同意 I accepted his invitation.receive收到,表示客观事实 I received a letter yesterday.
borrow(借用)lend(借出)
辨析:borrow是借入,lend是借出,方向相反
borrow借入,从别人那里借 borrow money from the banklend借出,借给别人 lend me your pen
bring(带来)take()fetch(取来)carry(携带)
辨析:都表示'带/拿',方向和方式不同
bring带来,朝说话人方向 Bring your homework here.take带走,远离说话人方向 Take this letter to the post office.fetch去取来,往返动作 Fetch me a glass of water.carry搬运、携带,不强调方向 carry a heavy box / carry an umbrella
win()beat(打败)
辨析:win后接比赛/奖项,beat后接对手
win赢得,后接比赛、奖项、战争 win the game / win a prizebeat打败,后接对手 beat the other team / beat him
wear(穿)put on(穿上)dress(连衣裙 穿衣)
辨析:wear强调穿着状态,put on强调穿的动作,dress可指穿衣动作或状态
wear穿着,表示状态 She is wearing a red dress.put on穿上,表示动作 Put on your coat. It's cold.dress给…穿衣(动作);穿着(状态) dress the baby / dress well
rise(上升)raise(举起)arise(出现)
辨析:rise不及物(自己升起),raise及物(使…升起),arise表示出现/发生
rise不及物,自己上升 The sun rises. / Prices are rising.raise及物,使…上升/提高 raise your hand / raise pricesarise出现、发生(问题、情况) A problem arose. / arise from
lay(放置)lie()
辨析:lay是及物(放置),lie是不及物(躺)。过去式易混淆:lay-laid-laid vs lie-lay-lain
lay及物,放置、下蛋 lay the book on the desk / lay eggslie不及物,躺、位于 lie on the bed / The city lies on the river.
sit()seat(座位)
辨析:sit是不及物动词(坐),seat是及物动词(使…就座)
sit不及物,坐 Sit down, please.seat及物,使就座;名词座位 Seat yourself. / take a seat
hire(/雇佣)rent(租金 租)employ(雇佣)
辨析:hire租用(短租/物/人),rent租用(长租/房屋),employ雇佣(人)
hire短期租用或雇佣 hire a car / hire a workerrent长期租用房屋等 rent an apartment / rent outemploy正式雇佣 The company employs 500 workers.
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rob(抢劫)steal()
辨析:rob抢劫(人/地点),steal偷窃(物)
rob抢劫,宾语是人或地点 rob a bank / rob a mansteal偷窃,宾语是物 steal a car / steal money
worth(值得的)worthy(值得的)worthwhile(值得的)
辨析:都表示'值得',但搭配不同
worth后接动名词或金额 worth reading / worth 100 dollarsworthy后接of+名词/被动不定式 worthy of attention / worthy to be consideredworthwhile作表语或定语,值得做的 a worthwhile effort / It's worthwhile.
real(真实的)true(真的)
辨析:real强调真实存在,true强调符合事实
real真实的,确实存在的 real life / real goldtrue正确的,符合事实的 a true story / come true
sick(生病的)ill(生病的)
辨析:都表示'生病的',用法略有差异
sick美式英语常用,可作定语和表语;还有恶心之意 a sick child / feel sickill英式英语常用,只作表语 He is ill. (不说 an ill man)
sure(确定的)certain(确定的)
辨析:都表示'确定的',certain比sure更正式
sure口语化,主观确信 I'm sure he will come.certain更正式,客观确定 It is certain that he will come.
house(房子)home()family(家庭)
辨析:house指建筑,home指家(感情),family指家庭/家人
house指建筑物,住宅 a big house / sell the househome指家,有感情色彩 go home / my home townfamily指家庭成员或家族 My family are all tall. / a big family
street(街道)road(道路)way(方式)path(小路)
辨析:都表示'路',但含义不同
street城市中的街道,两侧有建筑 walk along the streetroad公路、道路,连接城市之间 a country road / road to successway方式、方向、路途 on the way / this way pleasepath小径、小路 a garden path / a path through the forest
job(工作)work(/工作)career(职业)profession(职业)
辨析:都和工作有关,但侧重点不同
job可数名词,指具体的一份工作 find a job / a part-time jobwork不可数名词,泛指工作、劳动 hard work / go to workcareer职业生涯,长期事业 a career in medicineprofession专业职业,需专业训练 the teaching profession
travel(/旅行)trip(旅行)journey(旅程)voyage(航行)tour(旅行)
辨析:都表示'旅行',但方式和范围不同
travel泛指旅行,不可数 air travel / travel abroadtrip短途旅行,可数 a business trip / a day tripjourney长途旅行,可数 a long journey by trainvoyage航海旅行 a voyage across the Atlantictour观光旅游,有行程 a guided tour / tour the city
have()there be()
辨析:have表示拥有,there be表示存在
have拥有、持有 I have a car. / She has two brothers.there be表示某处存在某物 There is a book on the desk.
happy(快乐的)glad(高兴的)cheerful(高兴的)delighted(高兴的,愉快的)
辨析:都与快乐有关,但程度和侧重点不同
happy最常用,一般性的快乐 I'm happy to see you.glad因某事而高兴,常用于客套 I'm glad you could come.cheerful性格开朗,积极乐观 She has a cheerful personality.delighted非常高兴,令人愉悦 I'm delighted to meet you.
sad(悲伤的)sorrowful()gloomy(阴暗的)depressed(抑郁的)
辨析:都与悲伤有关,但程度不同
sad最常用,一般性的悲伤 I feel sad about the news.sorrowful深沉的悲伤,悲痛 a sorrowful expressiongloomy阴郁、暗淡、沮丧 a gloomy day / gloomy mooddepressed抑郁的,长期低落 She's been depressed for months.
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英语单词学习·同义词辨析专题4页/共4
angry(生气的,愤怒的)furious(狂怒的)mad(疯的)annoyed()
辨析:都与生气有关,程度递增
annoyed有点烦,轻微不满 I'm annoyed by the noise.angry生气的,较常用 He was angry at the delay.mad口语中指生气,也可指疯狂 Are you mad at me?furious暴怒的,极度愤怒 She was furious about the decision.
afraid(害怕的)frightened(受惊的,害怕的)scared(害怕的,恐惧的)terrified()
辨析:都与害怕有关,程度递增
afraid最常用,一般性的害怕 I'm afraid of spiders.scared口语化,受惊吓 Don't be scared.frightened正式些,受惊的 The frightened child cried.terrified极度恐惧 She was terrified of the dark.
think()consider(考虑)ponder(沉思)reflect(反映)
辨析:都与思考有关,深度和方式不同
think最常用,一般的思考 I think it's a good idea.consider仔细考虑,权衡 Please consider my proposal.ponder深思,反复琢磨 He pondered the question for hours.reflect反思,回顾 She reflected on her past mistakes.
know(知道)understand(理解)comprehend(理解)grasp(抓住)
辨析:都与理解有关,深度不同
know知道,了解事实 I know the answer.understand理解,明白含义 I understand what you mean.comprehend全面理解,领悟 I can't comprehend this theory.grasp抓住要点,领会 She quickly grasped the concept.
remember(记得)recall(回忆)remind(提醒)memorize(记忆)
辨析:都与记忆有关,但方向和方式不同
remember记得,回忆起 I remember her name.recall主动回想,追忆 I can't recall where I put it.remind提醒某人 Remind me to call him.memorize背诵,刻意记住 Memorize these vocabulary words.
ask()request(/请求)demand(/要求)beg(乞求)
辨析:都与请求有关,语气和态度不同
ask最常用,一般的问/请求 Can I ask you a question?request正式请求 We request your cooperation.demand强烈要求,不容拒绝 I demand an explanation.beg恳求,乞求 She begged him to stay.
explain(解释)illustrate(说明)demonstrate(证明)clarify(澄清)
辨析:都与解释说明有关,方式不同
explain解释,说明原因 Please explain this rule.illustrate举例说明,图示 Let me illustrate with an example.demonstrate示范,演示 She demonstrated how to use it.clarify澄清,使之清楚 Can you clarify your point?
walk(/走)stroll(散步,漫步)stride(大步走)march(行军 三月)wander(漫步)
辨析:都与走路有关,方式和态度不同
walk最常用,一般的走 I walk to school every day.stroll悠闲散步 We strolled along the beach.stride大步走,自信地走 He strode into the room.march齐步走,行军 The soldiers marched forward.wander漫无目的地走 She wandered through the market.
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